Verina Ingram

Verina is Associate professor at Wageningen University and Senior Researcher at Wageningen Economic Research. Her research focuses on the social and environmental impacts of the governance of the landscape - value chain nexus. This entails understanding how value chains of forest and tree-based commodities originating from tropical landscapes are governed by public, private, civil society initiatives, state regulations and customary rules.
Secondly, how the interactions between governance arrangements impact livelihoods and the environment, and the extent to which the impacts are sustainable, equitable, inclusive and legitimate. This research contributes to debates reconciling tropical forest conservation and use with poverty, livelihoods and sustainable trade, using participatory and mixed method approaches, including citizen science, such as on deforestation caused by cocoa production.